www.istanbulunfethi.com
 
Fall of Constantinople
 
State of the Byzantine Empire
 
Preparations
 
Siege and final assault of the city
 
Aftermath
 
References
References


Runciman, Steven (1965). The Fall of Constantinople: 1453. London: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-39832-0.

Norwich, John Julius (1995). Byzantium: The Decline and Fall. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. ISBN 0-679-41650-1.

The Siege of Constantinople (1453), according to the eyewitness Nicolo Barbaro

Franz Babinger: Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time Princeton University Press. 1992. ISBN 0-691-01078-1

Andrew Wheatcroft: The Infidels: The Conflict Between Christendom and Islam, 638–2002

Viking Publishing. 2003 ISBN 0-670-86942-2

Richard Fletcher: The Cross and the Crescent Penguin Group. 2005 ISBN 0-14-303481-2

Justin Wintle: The Rough Guide History of Islam Rough Guides. 2003 ISBN 1-84353-018-X

Smith, Michael Llewellyn, "The Fall of Constantinople", in History Makers magazine No. 5 (London, Marshall Cavendish, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1969) p. 192.

The Cross and the Crescent Exhibit: Royal Academy of Arts Magazine Spring 2005